The History o English literature

The Norman Conquest of England made a break in English language and also literature in 11th century. The old English-Anglo Saxon become to Germnic speech with complicated grammar, speech and vocabulary. After during The Battle of Hasting this language was in king's and law's court, schools, universities and others. In this all time were 2 languages in England: the Norman French and English of the lowers. In the 14th century there was a National Speech of England with grammarless, French equivalents and legal terms: ledies, courties, words of dresses. Knights used the vocabulary of war, Builders used vocabulary of techinical expressions. And the art of cooking was French. Also there words from French: ox, swine, sheep, deer, meet, beef, pork, mutton, venison. The translators of French poems transfer words bodily than to seek out a native synonym. Chauser stands in dates between King Alfred and Alfred Tennyson. The Anglo-Saxon had been the Wessex dialect, which spoken and written in Alfred's capital. The modern English found in the East Midland, spoken in, for example, Cambridge. The cosmopolitan people connected England and the continent. In the 14th century the literature of England mostly was in Latin, and polite literature in France. The Anglo-Saxon poetry was rythmical and alliterative. And the old English allitirative verse continued to the 16th century.

Final Topic: module 4

In our life we can meet different problem with health and your mind. We need to solve them maybe with some home remedies. Now I am going to tell you about that.

People can have different phobias: lachanophibia- fear of making trips to the supermaket a nightmare. , ablutophobia-fear of washing, anthobia- fear of flowers, catoptrophia- fear o mirrows, phobophobia- fear of phobias themselves.

The modern technologies can harm us. Earphones play the music directly into your ear canal. The type of music doesn't matter, but the volume on your MP3 player does. It can cause hearing loss. Sending text messages is as easy as moving your thumb. However, too much texting can cause thumb arthritis. A mobile phone is full of bacteria. When you press it against your face and ear, it can lead to skin problems.

All of people someday don't get enough sleep.
While we sleep, we sorts through information, repairs cells, and solves problems. Lack of sleep can also affect our immune system. Over a long time, it may cause depression and personality changes and eventually even shorten our life.

For example, in the Banya we can throw off different illnessses.
Russian people enjoy bathing and the banya, or steam bath, is a very old and popular tradition in Russian culture. Even today, almost every village and town in Russia has its own banya. The banya helps remove toxins from the body, relieves stress, and may even prevent and heal a number of illnessees.

I know some of home remedies for every illness.
Next time you wake up with a sore throat or a few spots, perhaps you don't have to run straight to the doctor. You could try opening the kitchen cupboard instead! TEA: Can you feel a headache coming on? Boil some water and make yourself a nice cup of tea! HONEY: Next time you have a sore throat, try swallowing a spoonful of honey. Like garlic, honey helps destroy bacteria.

There are so mane extreme hobbies besides ordinary hobbies.
While no one is looking, Frenchman Alain Robert jumps up an office building and starts to climb the wall.He hangs from balconies, crawls along ledges and grips the edges of the glass and concrete.There's no rope and no safety net - he's using only his bare hands!

Don't forget about dangerous animals!
Many dangerous animal animals live in Australia.Snakes .The ten most poisonous snakes in the world all live in Australia! The eastern brown snake is a long (up to 1.8 metres!), fast-moving snake and the second most dangerous in the world.

And also don't forget about dangerous situations your holidays!
15-year-old Tommy Nakaluk and his uncle Joe had started out on to have been a routine weekend hunting trip. were on their way back to their camp on coast of Southampton Island, their snowmobile broke down. In the time Tommy, the area of ice he was standing on broke away from the main ice mass and he was suddenly afloat on an ice floe measuring approximately 50 m . 48 hours later, they were found by the rescue services and they helped Tommy and Joe.

I think, we need to save our health, and don't miss to the dabgerous situations!!!

Questions

1. What's the strangest phobia?

2. Why do people have some phobias? 

3. Why does brain active while sleeping? 

4. When do we need to go to the bed?

5. In which case does tea help to us?

6. Can we use remedies in professional medicine?

7. Did police catch Frenchman?

8. Which animals can kill people?

9. Do you know some dangerous situations in Russia?

10. Are Frenchman afraid of climbing?

Questions

Phobias(Sima):
1) Which phobia do you have?
2) What phobia is the most dangerous ?
3) Do you think, that phobias doesn't let us live calm?

So, others can live(Vasilisa):
1) Where is this family live?
2) Did boy and his uncle be ill when theu were under ice?
3) Did boy's and his uncle's relatives worry about them?

French Spider-Man(Kirill):
1) How old is he?
2) Is he have family?
3) What does he do for people?

Australia's most danger animals(Dasha):
1) Can platypuses kill people?
2)What kind of spiders are live in Australia, beside redback spider and funnel-web spider?
3)Why dangerous animals do not afraid of people?

Catch some ZZZs(Alice):
1) How many dreams we can see at night?
2) Can dreams come true in real life?
3) Which body does work most in a dream?

Banya(Liza):
1) How many degreeses in banya usually?
2)For what can help banya?
3) How many people can be in banya?

Industry/ entertainment centers.

Currently, the Russian industry includes the following competitive industries: oil and gas, mining, processing of precious stones and metals, aircraft manufacturing, rocket and space production, the nuclear industry, the production of

weapons and military equipment, electrical engineering, pulp and paper industry, the automotive industry, transport, road engineering, light and food industries. For example, the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation includes industries that specialize in the production of agricultural products, their processing and storage, as well as providing agriculture and the processing industry with means of production. Mechanical engineering is the leading branch of Russia and is concentrated in large centers - Moscow, St. Petersburg, the Urals, the Volga region, and Western Siberia. It provides all branches of the economy with various equipment and machines. The machine-building complex accounts for almost 30% of the total industrial output.

It was a little part about industry in Russia, I am going to tell you about different entertainment centers in our city-Chelyabinsk.

Our city isn’t popular as Moscow or S. Petersburg, but it is very exciting in terms of entertainment centers. The biggest is “Diamond”, there is a lot of entertainments, like trampoline center, cinema, food courts, and many different shops. Also we have «NIKALAND», it includes cinema, bowling, golf, dinosaurs’ park, children's entertainments, like zoo, playground and others! In Chelyabinsk we have laser tag, I think, you have too. If no, it is high-tech game taking place in real time and space. The essence of the game is to defeat opponents with safe laser blaster shots from an automatic blaster. And also our city have the children’s center “Chadograd”, where they can change their professions on one day. “Chadograd” is a beautiful city with streets, squares, buildings and structures. Children, visiting each of the buildings and participating in the game, work, earn, gain knowledge and skills, communicate with each other. ... In Chadograd, there are many buildings-workshops: the mayor's office, the hospital, the police, etc. And last, it is a «Galaxy of Entertainment», it is a Entertainment center, hotel, restaurant, bar, disco, billiards, bowling. But usually there are some concerts with popular executors.

I told you interesting information about Russia and Chelyabinsk. Now I think, you want to visit my city with your friends or family!!

Final Topic: Module 3

In the our lifes we can meet the extreme weather, extreme activities, outdoor leisure activities and ect. Amd I am going to tell you about that.

Matt is marine biologist, he came to scientific research station in Antarctica .It is summer now, so the weather today- 0.The sun never sets in the summer and it is weird. But there are seals, for example yesterday I saw humpack whale!In the winter the temputure will to -40. And the sun won't rise at all .

Also I didn’t said about different animals.
If you want to hike through some of the most stunning scenery, the Appalachian Trail is for you. It takes over five million steps to walk it and only 1 person in 4 makes it all the way. There are harmless deer, moose, and raccoons, but there are also dangerous black bears, coyotes and bobcats.

I want to tell you about Taiga and animals there.
Taiga, which means “forest” in Russian, is the largest biome. It consists of coniferous forests and covers most of North America. Taiga has a subarctic climate with large differences in temperature between seasons. The largest in Russia populations of brown bear, wolf, elk, reindeer and red fox live here.

Now I am going to tell you about animals, but in the hot countries.
In Spain, there are many animal shelters that care for abandoned or forgotten pets, such as cats and dogs. But did you make the Mona Foundation in Girone, Catalonia. Since 2000, it has provided a safe home for chimpanzees who have performed in circuses or have been photographers and cinematographers.

I want to tal about climate change.
Global warming is a serious threat to wildlife. in particular, Arctic polar bears are in great danger . Many starve or drown.According to recent climate reports, melting ice from the polar ice caps and mountain glaciers could cause sea levels to rise by about 1 metre by 2100.

In or worl yhere are many caves.
These natural holes in the Earth form over thousands millions of years! There are lots of different types of even caves such as ice sea, limestone chalk salt and even lava caves. Different caves form in different ways.

There are many extreme sports in the world.
Now I will tell you: about some of them: 1. Volcano Surfing. If you want to try this new craze, you'll have to travel to Nicaragua's Cerro Negro volcano. When this active volcano erupts,it throws out ash that's perfect for surfing on.

In this way, we should be so carefully when we do this sports or. Also we should be carefully with animals and extreme weather!

Final topic: Module 2

There are a lot of exciting ways to study a culture of our world!

 There are lots of different extreme places in the world ,where you can hunt. One day in February 1953, a plumber, Harry Martindale, had been in the Treasurer's House since morning. He had heard lots of stories about the place being haunted. Before, he was working when he heard strange noise. He looked back and saw the helmet of Roman soldier coming through the wal! Harry couldn't believe his eyes.

Also you can travel around the world. John Thompson was travelling around the world all last year. He was travelling in India last September. One day, he somehow caught the wrong bus while trying to get from Delhi to Agra to see the Taj Mahal! It took us four hours to reach Delhi!

We should travel in our native region. Kungur Ice Cave is near the town of Kungur in the Ural Mountains in Russia. It is one of the biggest and most fascinating caves in the world and is the only cave in Russia that has been adapted for tourist excursions. People say that Kungur Ice Cave is like a labyrinth inside. It consists of a network of passages and a number of grottos of various sizes.

Also you can learn culture with music. If you want to watch a musical composition, I recommend watching the Chinese opera. At the Chinese opera you will see how people dance and sing at the same time. The actors have very colorful costumes. Usually red, yellow and blue colors.

And there are other form of studing a music. When you think of Russian folk music , the balalaika immediately comes to mind. This wonderful triangular shaped string instrument from the 17th century is one of Russia`s national sumbols.

You can also equal on famous people, to studing a culture. Lady Gaga is american singer. She was born in1986. Her real name Stephani Joanne Angelina Germanotta. She is Queen of the pop culture.

We can learn the culture with social networks and Google. Do you use Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Friendster or Linkedin? If so, then you are part of a social network. Social networking sites allow us to see our social connections. We can see our friends and their friends through pictures and links in a user-friendly interface.

Google was the brainchild of Larry Page. and Sergey Brin. They met in 1995 at Stanford University, USA, while they were studying Computer Science. At that time, Internet search engines were slow and complicated. So, they set about creating a search engine that could calculate how important a particular web page was.

And exactly you can choose your own way to study a culture of our world.

Final Topic: 1 module

There are so many exiting classes, like hobbies and interesting jobs. Now I go to tell you about this.
Example, more and more young people are choosing volunteer‘s job nowadays. They help to poor families , teach children and take care of orphans.

Also there this a hobby- diver. Sarah-diver is the world champion in freediving. She beat not one record and beats them up to now. Her sport is very unusual. When Sarah sails, she looks like a model mermaid. She does not use swimmers for swimming, but only swims for breathing.

Divers can be and under ice! Lake Baikal is one of the best places for diving under the ice. here is the dream of many divers. In the lake there are 1085 species of plants and 1550 species of animals. Divers come to the baikal to see the beauty of the ice.

If you want extreme jobs, you need to try Smokejumping. Smokejumpers are elite firefighters who risk their lives fighting forest fires in remote areas. They bravely parachute out of aeroplanes into burning forests, where they quickly get to work putting the fire out.

Also you can try extreme hobby. Nick Porter- UFO hunter. And at his free time he tries to find objects on the sky. Why? Because he '' Very curios person'' and he want find an explanation. His UFO club had a many devices, to see and catch strange object.

Another extreme job. Matt was born into a family of stuntmen. In fact, the Epper family has been doing death-defying stunts since the 1930s.They are the fearless Eppers of Hollywood and danger is their middle name. They have appeared in films like Die and Transformers. Every day, somewhere in Hollywood there is an Epper flipping a car or setting themselves on fire.

We need to turn a penny. After school all of pupils go to university, therefore they become a students. And also is necessary to earn some money for a life. Students can be a video game testers, lifeguards, secret shoppers, dishwashers,delivery persons, gardeners, babysitters, dog walkers.

In America, 60% of university students have a part-time job. There are many kinds of work for example waiting table, cashing work and cashier work. This kinds are very popylar. During the summer holiday, a lot of university students choose to work at summer camps as camp counsellors.